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Eastern Regional Health Directorate and BNMT have conducted an assessment on status on Public Health in Eastern Development Region. It is a summary of report that assessment 2003.

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National Center for AIDS and STD Control

admin — Sun, 08 Apr 2007 15:50:57 +0000

National Center for AIDS and STD Control
Teku, Kathmandu
Cumulative HIV/AIDS Situation of Nepal
as of July 31 , 2006

Condition	Male	Female	Total	New cases in July , 2006
HIV Positives (Including AIDS)	5245	2128	7373	383
AIDS (out of total HIV)	808	307	1115*	30

Cumulative HIV Infection by Sub-Group and Sex

Sub-Groups	Male	Female	Total	New cases in July , 2006
Sex Workers (SW)	-	628	628	9
Clients of SWs/STD	3552	103	3655	159
Housewives	-	1272	1272	126
Blood or Organ Receipients	8	4	12	2
Injecting Drug Use	1517	25	1542**	44
Children	168	96	264	43
Total	5245	2128	7373	383

Cumulative HIV Infection by Age Group

Age Group	Male	Female	Total	New cases in July , 2006
0-4 Years	71	40	111	17
5-9 Years	83	48	131	25
10-14 Years	25	16	41	1
15-19 Years	196	199	395	5
20-24 Years	876	437	1313	50
25-29 Years	1284	561	1845	96
30-39 Years	2082	627	2709	148
40-49 Years	527	169	696	32
50-above	101	31	132	9
Total	5245	2128	7373	383

* Death: 340 ( 4 new cases in July , 2006 )
** Mode of Transmission – IDU or Sexual
(Data include reports from sentinel surveillance sites and voluntary confidential testing centers.)

For Updated data please go to: http://www.ncasc.gov.np/

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HIV and AIDS

admin — Sun, 08 Apr 2007 15:40:53 +0000

What is HIV/AIDS?

The HIV stands for Human Immuno-deficiency Virus and AIDS stands for Acquired Immuno-deficiency Syndromes. So, HIV is a cause virus and AIDS is a state or disorder or complex of symptoms or a state of disease. The HIV/AIDS a virus induced pandemic is one of the most serious health concerns in the world today, because of its high case fatality rate and lack of a curative treatment or vaccine.

How HIV transmits? Studies on the mode of transmission of AIDS have identified sexual intercourse, intravenous injections, blood transfusions and fetal transmission from infected mothers as some of the main routes of transmission of AIDS.

What is the situation of HIV/AIDS in Nepal? AIDS was first identified in Nepal in 1988. Since then, AIDS cases have been steadily increasing; as of October 2001 cumulative HIV/AIDS cases had reached 1,564. This figure is based on the number of people who have tested their blood at the health centers. Because of very limited number of persons have been tested for HIV/AIDS it is likely that this figure could be much higher. For example, according to the UNAIDS and WHO estimates there may be about 34000 HIV positive persons in the kingdom. (UNAIDS, 2001) Despite relatively low numbers of identified AIDS cases in Nepal, experts are concerned about the implied impact of HIV/AIDS in Nepal because of

Relatively high illiteracy, which prevents people from taking precautionary measures to avoid getting AIDS.
Open border with India, which has the largest number of AIDS cases in the world.
Presence of commercial sex workers who are the major source of AIDS transmission in Nepal.
Increasing use of intravenous drugs.
Seasonal migration of Nepalese to India for seasonal work resulting in a STD and AIDS infection.

What researches about HIV/AIDS suggest? National level data on the Knowledge of AIDS was collected in 1996NFHS and 2001NDHS. These data suggest that among women of reproductive age around 50 percent have heard of AIDS. This figure is nearly double the figure obtained in 1996. Indicating that during a period of 5 years there has been an increase of 25 percentage points in the knowledge of AIDS among ever married women of reproductive age. Information on knowledge of AIDS was collected for males in 2001NDHS only. This survey indicates that nearly 72 percent of ever married males 15-59 have heard of AIDS.

While only 38 percent of women believe that there is a way to avoid AIDS this figure is 67 percent among ever married Nepalese males aged 15-59.

Further queried about the ways of avoiding AIDS common responses among women were

a) Use of condom b) Avoiding multiple sex partners and void sex with persons who have multiple sex partners. Among the males besides these common responses a) avoiding sex with prostitute
Limiting sex partners were common responses.

Since use of condom is one the ways of avoiding getting AIDS women and men were also asked whether they were aware of the source of condom. Nearly 70 percent of women were aware of the source of condoms while only 34 percent said that they could get a condom from that source if they wanted to. This indicates that there is still some taboo in getting condom for women. Among men proportion knowing a source of condom was 84 percent.

Although these figures show some improvement over the years, however, if the spread of HIV/AIDS is to be checked, a multi-pronged IEC campaign needs to be carried out to inform people as well the community as to what it is, how it is transmitted and what precautionary measures can be taken to avoid HIV/AIDS.

Updates: Nepal (Source: NCASC)

Cumulative HIV and AIDS Situation of Nepal
As of Magh 2065 (11 February , 2009)

Condition	Male	Female	Total		New Cases in This Month
HIV Positives (Including AIDS)	8812	4451	13263		165
AIDS (Out of total HIV)	1580	649	2229	*	35

Cumulative HIV infection by sub-group and sex
Sub-groups	Male	Female	Total		New Cases in This Month
Sex Workers (SW)	3	792	795		6
Clients of SWs/STD	5832	104	5936		68
Housewives		3160	3160		46
Blood or Organ recipients	27	11	38		0
Injecting Drug Use	2350	46	2396	**	19
Men having Sex with Men (MSM)	74		74		1
Children	473	314	787		25
Sub-group NOT identified	53	24	77		0
Total	8812	4451	13263		165
** Mode of Transmission – IDUs or Sexual
** Mode of Transmission – IDUs or Sexual
Cumulative HIV infection by age group and sex
Age group (Years)	Male	Female	Total		New Cases in This Month
0 – 4	190	112	302		10
5 – 9	216	155	371		12
10 – 14	78	51	129		3
15 – 19	246	252	498		6
20 – 24	1165	785	1950		11
25 – 29	2014	1050	3064		35
30 – 39	3604	1517	5121		62
40 – 49	1049	419	1468		17
50 – above	250	110	360		9
Total	8812	4451	13263		165

* Cumulative death: 515
New death case in Magh 2065 : 3

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Morang: Target Population (F.Y. 2063/64)

Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000

Population	957550
Under 1 year's population:	22895
Under 3 year's population:	70396
Under 5 year's population:	119862
MWRA:	183487
Expected Pregnancy:	36700

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